I was reading up about how biased media could be less insidious and agendaic than the traditional “unbiased” media, especially in the new light of Obama’s presidency.
I went online and searched for some old presidential races that seem to have been affected by the media. Two of them stood out :
Franklin Delano Roosevelt’s first campaign for the presidency occurred while the country was in the midst of the Great Depression. Roosevelt’s campaign was unique in that it was the first to extensively use radio to communicate its message. The message was simple: appeal to the voters who were mired in the poverty caused by the depression. If elected President, FDR would use the federal government to create jobs and regulate industries in an effort to eliminate high unemployment and to prevent a depression from happening again. These ideas were unprecedented in American history because no one had ever used the federal government to the extent the New York Governor was proposing to do. …
Compared to today’s reporting, the 1932 coverage was balanced and accurate. However, there were some inaccuracies in their reporting that mostly favored the challenger. The reporters failed to accurately address Governor Roosevelt’s physical condition. They did not write about his crippling polio disease, and seemed to exaggerate his physical strength, when in fact, he was barley able to walk unassisted. The New York Times was often guilty of exaggeration about the Roosevelt’s strength. In the July 8, 1932 New York Times article, the paper reported about Roosevelt’s nomination and one paragraph described what happened when then Governor Roosevelt went to the podium to accept his nomination: “as Mr. Roosevelt advanced to the rostrum, the great hall seemed to surge upward, an illusion which accompanied the sight of so many thousands rising simultaneously to their feet.” Add to this that it is alleged that a powerful newspaper publisher, William Hearst, had helped him gain the nomination, and it would appear that Roosevelt got cut a little slack.
FDR received some good coverage because he was very friendly with the reporters. It seems most of the reporters were taken by his charm. Franklin Roosevelt was the first President to have a fully furnished press train car installed on his campaign train. He also granted the press full access to his campaign. Read on
Also, there is one more classic case of Kennedy Vs. Nixon :
The key turning point of the campaign were the four Kennedy-Nixon debates; they were the first presidential debates held on television. Nixon insisted on campaigning until just a few hours before the first debate started; he had not completely recovered from his hospital stay and thus looked pale, sickly, underweight, and tired. He also refused makeup for the first debate, claiming it was not masculine enough, and as a result his beard stubble showed prominently on the era’s black-and-white TV screens. Nixon’s poor appearance on television in the first debate is reflected by the fact that his mother called him immediately following the debate to ask if he was sick. Kennedy, by contrast, rested before the first debate and appeared tanned, confident, and relaxed during the debate. An estimated 80 million viewers watched the first debate. Most people who watched the debate on TV believed Kennedy had won while radio listeners (a smaller audience) believed Nixon had won. After it had ended polls showed Kennedy moving from a slight deficit into a slight lead over Nixon. For the remaining three debates Nixon regained his lost weight, wore television makeup, and appeared more forceful than his initial appearance. However, up to 20 million fewer viewers watched the three remaining debates than the first debate. Read on
They say this election was the coming of age for the Internet. Ariana Huffington event went on the record saying that “Obama would not have won without the Internet”. Obama used it extensively, no doubt.
First of all, about biased media - I do feel that it is good to have some media that is biased. In fact, any biases would be better off declared. That just cuts the guessing game. However, after much thought, I feel that it is important to have a majority of the media stick to unbiased reporting - simply because, they transcend - from being a cannon to a platform. Most of the developed world is polarized any way, in terms of political affiliations. That leaves very few people (in the USA, they say, around 10%) who wait until the last moment to decide on the right candidate and their country’s future. It is these people whose votes matter the most towards the end. Reaching them would not be possible without an unbiased media - no centrist overtones intended.
Second, the Internet, (and all new media in general), I feel provides a good platform for defining the issues of the election. It cannot win elections however, not yet. What it does though, is that, it brings the next generation thought leadership together in terms of what they think the issues of this election are going to be. Is it New Deal ? or ‘Old’ deal ? Is it ‘Change’ ? or is it ’security’ ?
If you notice, the first time Radio was used by Roosevelt on a big scale, it did not still have the power to pull off numbers and big swings. But it did make him look like the thought leader and visionary that he wanted to be though. Similarily, when Kennedy decided to put on make up for his first TV debate, he embraced the times ahead and perception followed form more than function. In this election as well, I think the Internet was great in terms of setting the single important factor of this election - the ‘economy’. It did some more as a fund raising tool, but I feel that is a pleasant bonus. Once people empathize with the issues ahead (as defined by a campaign), donations from core camps take more than just an Internet web page. There is consistent calling, private dinners, follow ups, promises and what not.
So, if you tell me the Internet was partly responsible for the landslide margins, I might nod in agreement but win the election? come on !